| Article Access Statistics | | | Viewed | 23497 | | | Printed | 648 | | | Emailed | 9 | | | PDF Downloaded | 897 | | | Comments | [Add] | | | Cited by others | 127 | | |
|
Click on image for details.
|
|
| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
|
|
|
| Year : 2009 | Volume
: 57
| Issue : 2 | Page : 177-180 |
Neurological complications of Chikungunya virus infection
Nitin H Chandak1, Rajpal S Kashyap1, Dinesh Kabra1, Poornima Karandikar1, Sonali S Saha1, Shweta H Morey1, Hemant J Purohit2, Girdhar M Taori1, Hatim F Daginawala1
1 Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Central India Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur - 440 010, India
2 Environmental Genomic Unit, National Environmental Engineering Research, Institute, Nehru Marg, Nagpur - 440 020, India
| Date of Acceptance | 31-Mar-2009 |
Correspondence Address:
Hatim F Daginawala
Biochemistry Research Laboratory, Central India Institute of Medical sciences, 88/2, Bajaj Nagar, Nagpur - 440 010
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.51289
Background: In May 2006, there was a large Chikungunya virus infection (CHIKV) outbreak in the Nagpur district of Maharashtra, a province in western India. Usually, CHIKV is a self-limiting febrile illness. However, neurological complications have been described infrequently. Aim: To study the clinical characteristics of various neurological complications associated with CHIKV infections. Materials and Methods: Patients with neurological complications following CHIKV infection during the outbreak were the subjects of the study. On the basis of clinical features and investigative findings, patients were grouped into various neurological syndromes: Encephalitis, myelopathy, peripheral neuropathy, myeloneuropathy, and myopathy. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were also collected for biochemical and serological studies. Results: Of the 300 patients with CHIKV infection seen during the study period, June-December 2006, 49 (16.3%) [M : F: 42:7] had neurological complications. The neurological complications included: Encephalitis (27, 55%), myelopathy (7, 14% ), peripheral neuropathy (7, 14%), myeloneuropathy (7, 14%), and myopathy (1, 2%). Reverse Transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time PCR was positive in the CSF in 16% and 18%, respectively. Conclusion: Recent CHIKV infection was associated with various neurological complications, suggesting neurotropic nature of the virus. The outcome of the neurological complications is likely to be good.
Keywords: Chikungunya, neurological complications, encephalitis, myelitis, peripheral neuropathy, cerebrospinal fluid
How to cite this article:
Chandak NH, Kashyap RS, Kabra D, Karandikar P, Saha SS, Morey SH, Purohit HJ, Taori GM, Daginawala HF. Neurological complications of Chikungunya virus infection. Neurol India 2009;57:177-80 |
How to cite this URL:
Chandak NH, Kashyap RS, Kabra D, Karandikar P, Saha SS, Morey SH, Purohit HJ, Taori GM, Daginawala HF. Neurological complications of Chikungunya virus infection. Neurol India [serial online] 2009 [cited 2023 Nov 29];57:177-80. Available from: https://www.neurologyindia.com/text.asp?2009/57/2/177/51289 |
| » Introduction | |  |
Chikungunya is a relatively rare and benign form of viral infection caused by a RNA-virus belonging to genus Alphavirus of Togaviridae family and is transmitted from primates to humans by Aedes aegypti mosquito. The first outbreak of Chikungunya virus infection (CHIKV) occurred in East Africa (Tanzania and Uganda) in 1952 and 1953. [1] In 1999, an outbreak occured in Port Klang in Malaysia. [2] Subsequent epidemics have been reported from Austral Africa (Zimbabwe and South Africa), West Africa (Senegal and Nigeria), Central Africa (Central African Republic, and Democratic Republic of the Congo), [3],[4],[5] Southeast Asia (Philippines, Malaysia, Cambodia), and the Indian subcontinent (Pakistan and southern India). The first documented Asian outbreak was in 1958. In India, the first outbreak was reported in 1963 in Calcutta [6] Subsequent epidemics have been reported from other parts of India, Kolkata, Vellore, Barsi, and Nagpur. [7],[8],[9],[10] The recent epidemic started in December 2005, [6] affecting a large population in southern and central India (Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra). Over 2,000 cases of CHIKV fever were reported from Malegaon town in Nasik district of Maharashtra between February and March 2006. [11] In May 2006, a large outbreak occurred in Nagpur district of Maharashtra.
Neurological complications of CHIKV infection are infrequent and have been reported only recently. [12] In the present study our experience of neurological complications in CHIKV infection in the recent epidemic in Nagpur district of Maharastra is reported.
| » Materials and Methods | | |
Three hundred patients of clinically suspected CHIKV infections were enrolled for the study from July-December 2006 and followed up for any neurological complications until April 2007 at the Central India Institute of Medical Sciences (CIIMS), Nagpur, India. All of the patients had typical clinical features of CHIKV infection fever, headache, body ache, myalgia, and joint pains with or without swelling and without hemorrhagic rash. The study had the approval of Institutional Ethics Committee, CIIMS, Nagpur.
Forty-nine patients who developed neurological symptoms within two months of CHIKV infections were hospitalized. All had detailed neurological evaluation and blood investigations, Depending on the neurological syndrome, patients were further investigated: CSF analysis, electrodiagnostic tests, electroencephalography (EEG), evoked potential studies, and neuroimaging, computerized tomograpy (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Molecular tests Reverse Transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, [RT-PCR], real-time PCR) and virus isolation were done in patients for whom CSF study was done.
On the basis of clinical features and investigation findings patients were grouped into various neurological syndromes: Encephalitis, myelopathy, peripheral neuropathy, myeloneuropathy, and myopathy. Patients with entrapment neuropathy were not included in the study. Patients were given supportive care as per the clinical syndrome and the course of the illness. Some received a course of methylprednisolone 1g daily for 3-5 days.
| » Results | | |
Of the 300 patients with CHIKV infection seen during this epidemic, 49 (16.3%) patients developed neurological complications There were 42 males and 7 females and the age was above 20 years in all except one. The neurological syndromes observed include: Encephalitis (27, 55.1%), myelopathy (7, 14.3%), neuropathy (7, 14.3%), myeloneuropathy (7, 14.3%), and myopathy (1, 2%) [Table 1]. Majority of the patients developed neurological complications within 20 days of onset of CHIKV infection. RT-PCR and real-time PCR was positive in eight (16%) and nine (18%) cases, respectively. However, positivity for virus isolation was only noted in one case. Of the 27 patients with encephalitis, 16(59%) presented with abnormal behavior and 6 (22%) each with impaired level of consciousness and extrapyramidal features [Table 2]. EEG was done on all patients of the encephalitic group. It did not reveal any specific information except generalized intermittent slow wave dysrhythmia. Of the 14 patients with myelopathy and myeloneuropathy, only in 3 signal alterations on MRI suggestive of demyelination were seen in the cord [Table 3]. In the 14 patients who had electrodiagnostic studies, all had demyelinating neuropathy. CT brain was done in 20 patients with encephalitis and was essentially normal in all the patients. Of the 4 patients who had MRI brain, one had white matter signal changes.
CSF analysis was done in 38 patients [Table 4], Of the 20 patients with encephalitis, proteins were raised in 14, sugar was low in 3, and cells were increased in 6. Of the six patients with myelopathy, proteins were raised in two. Of the six patients with neuropathy group, five had raised proteins. Of the six patients with myeloneuropathy, five had raised proteins and two had reduced sugar.
The outcomes were good. Of the 49 patients, there were three deaths, two with encephalitis and one with myeloneuropathy and 37 (75.5%) patients had good outcome [Table 1]. Of the patients 49 patients, 34 (69.4%) were given corticosteroid treatment and the remaining 15 patients were given supportive treatment. Of the 34 patients given corticosteroids, 25 (73.5%) improved whereas of the patients receiving only supportive treatment, 12 (80%) patients improved.
| » Discussion | | |
This study is probably the first report of large series of neurological complications following CHIKV infection from India.Neurological complications were seen in 16.3% of 300 patients with CHIKV infection registered in our institute during the 2006 epidemic. This high frequency of neurological complications may be related to referral bias. Our institute is the primary referral center for neurological diseases from Vidarbha, part of Maharastra and adjoining parts of Madhya Pradesh Chhatisgarh, and Andhra Pradesh.
Most often, CHIKV infection is a self-limiting illness. Neurological complications are infrequent and have been reported during the first Indian outbreak as well as during the recent French Reunion islands outbreak. [13] It remains uncertain whether neurological symptoms are due to persistence of the virus or inappropriate immune response. [14],[15] The severity of the disease in the 2006 outbreak, in particular the associated neurological complications may be related to the mutated CHIK. [16] In our series 46.5% of patients with neurological complications were above 60 years of age. The time interval between CHIKV infection and neurological complication was quite variable. 47% presented within one week and 6% after one month. Of the neurological complications, encephalitis was the common presenting syndrome in 55% of patients. In our series the neuropathy was predominantly demyelinating type. Only in 3 of the 14 patients with myelopathy/myeloneuropathy, MRI showed signal changes in the spinal cord suggestive of demyelinating pathology. Similar signal changes were also seen the study by Wadia. [12] Most of the patients (75, 5%) showed good neurological recovery at 3 months of follow-up and 9 patients had no much improvement in the neurological deficits. There was no difference in the outcomes between patients treated conservatively and patients treated with steroids. There were 3 (6%) deaths and all the deaths were attributable to the medical complications. Our study suggests that the outcome of the neurological complications following CHIKV infections are likely to be good and the mortality is more related to the systemic complications.
| » References | | |
| 1. | Sudeep AB, Parashar D. Chikungunya: An overview. J Biosci 2008;33:443-9.  [PUBMED] [FULLTEXT] |
| 2. | Lam SK, Chua KB, Hooi PS, Rahimah MA, Kumari S, Tharmaratnam M, Chuah SK, Smith DW, and Sampson IA. Chikungunya infection - an emerging disease in Malaysia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2001;32:447-51. |
| 3. | Jupp PG, McIntosh BM. Chikungunya virus disease. In: Monath TP, editor. The arboviruses. Epidemiology and ecology. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 1988. p. 137-57. |
| 4. | Monath TP, Heinz FX. The alpha viruses. In: Fields BN, Knipe DM, Howley PM, editors. Fields virology. 3 rd ed. Vol 1. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott-Raven; 1996. p. 843-98. |
| 5. | Pastorino B, Muyembe-Tamfum JJ, Bessaud M, Tock F, Tolou H, Durand JP, Peyrefitte CN. Epidemic resurgence of Chikungunya virus in Democratic Republic of the Congo: Identification of a new central African strain. J Med Virol 2004;74:277-82. [PUBMED] [FULLTEXT] |
| 6. | Arankalle VA, Shrivastava S, Cherian S, Gunjikar RS, Walimbe AM, Jadhav SM, et al. Genetic divergence of Chikungunya viruses in India (19633-2006) with special reference to the 2005-2006 explosive epidemic. J Gen Virol 2007;88:1967-76. [PUBMED] [FULLTEXT] |
| 7. | Pavri KM, Banerjee K, Anderson CR, Aikat BK.Virological and serological studies of cases of haemorrhagic fever in Calcutta: Material collected by the Institute of Post-Graduate Medical Education and Research (IPGMER), Calcutta. Indian J Med Res 1964;52:692-7. |
| 8. | Padbiri VS, Dandawate CN, Goverdhan MK. Chikungunya epidemic at Barsi: Preliminary epidemiological, virological and serological findings. Maharashtra Med J 1973;20:221-4. |
| 9. | Carey DE, Myers RM, DeRanitz CM, Jadhav M, Reuben R. The 1964 chikungunya epidemic at Vellore, South India, including observations on concurrent dengue. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1969;63:434-45. [PUBMED] |
| 10. | Rodrigues FM, Patankar MR, Banerjee K, Bhatt PN, Goverdhan MK, Pavri KM, et al. Etiology of the 1965 epidemic of febrile illness in Nagpur city, Maharashtra State, India. Bull World Health Organ 1972;46:173-9. [PUBMED] |
| 11. | Ravi V. Re-emergence of Chikungunya virus in India. Indian J Med Microbiol 2006;24:83-4. [PUBMED]  |
| 12. | Wadia RS. A neurotropic virus (chikungunya) and a neuropathic aminoacid (homocysteine). Ann Indian Acad Neurol 2007;10:198-213. |
| 13. | Chatterjee SN, Chakravarti SK, Mitra AC, Sarkar JK. Virological investigation of cases with neurological complications during the outbreak of haemorrhagic fever in Calcutta. J Indian Med Assoc 1965;45:314-6. [PUBMED] |
| 14. | Condon RJ, Rouse IL. Acute symptoms and sequelae of Ross River virus infection in South-Western Australia: A follow up study. Clin Diagn Virol 1995;3:273-84. |
| 15. | Selden SM, Cameron AS. Changing epidemiology of Ross River virus disease in South Australia. Med J Aust 1996;165:313-7. [PUBMED] |
| 16. | Schuffenecker I, Iteman I, Michault A, Murri S, Frangeul L, Vaney MC, et al. Genome Microevolution of Chikungunya Viruses causing the Indian ocean out break. PLOS Medicine 2006;3e263. |
[Table 1], [Table 2], [Table 3], [Table 4]
| This article has been cited by | | 1 |
Approach to Non-Compressive Myeloneuropathy through a Rendezvous of 11 Cases from an Indian Backdrop. |
|
| Ritwik Ghosh, Dipayan Roy, Arpan Mandal, Moisés-León Ruiz, Shambaditya Das, Souvik Dubey, Arijeet Jana, Siktha Purkait, Tapas Ghosh, Julián Benito-León | | Neurology Perspectives. 2023; : 100138 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 2 |
Systemic and Ophthalmic Manifestations of Chikungunya Fever |
|
| Padmamalini Mahendradas, Aditya Patil, Ankush Kawali, Sivakumar R. Rathinam | | Ocular Immunology and Inflammation. 2023; : 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 3 |
Chikungunya virus infection induces ultrastructural changes and impaired neuronal differentiation of human neurospheres |
|
| Thaíse Yasmine Vasconcelos de Lima Cavalcanti, Elisa de Almeida Neves Azevedo, Morganna Costa Lima, Karina Lidiane Alcântara Saraiva, Rafael Freitas Oliveira Franca | | Frontiers in Microbiology. 2023; 14 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 4 |
Effect of Viral Strain and Host Age on Clinical Disease and Viral Replication in Immunocompetent Mouse Models of Chikungunya Encephalomyelitis |
|
| Elizabeth J. Anderson, Audrey C. Knight, Mark T. Heise, Victoria K. Baxter | | Viruses. 2023; 15(5): 1057 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 5 |
A Review on Chikungunya Virus Epidemiology, Pathogenesis and Current Vaccine Development |
|
| Thaise Yasmine Vasconcelos de Lima Cavalcanti, Mylena Ribeiro Pereira, Sergio Oliveira de Paula, Rafael Freitas de Oliveira Franca | | Viruses. 2022; 14(5): 969 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 6 |
Neurological Disease Associated with Chikungunya in Indonesia |
|
| Khin S. A. Myint, Arthur H. P. Mawuntu, Sotianingsih Haryanto, Darma Imran, Sofiati Dian, Yora P. Dewi, Ahmad R. Ganiem, Riane Anggreani, Mirna M. Iskandar, Janno B. B. Bernadus, Kartika Maharani, David Susanto, Riwanti Estiasari, Hasna Dewi, Amanda Kristiani, Lidia Gaghiwu, Edison Johar, Frilasita A. Yudhaputri, Ungke Antonjaya, Jeremy P. Ledermann, Reinout van Crevel, Raph L. Hamers, Ann M. Powers | | The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2022; 107(2): 291 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 7 |
Detection and genome characterization of Middelburg virus strains isolated from CSF and whole blood samples of humans with neurological manifestations in South Africa |
|
| Isabel Fourie, June Williams, Arshad Ismail, Petrus Jansen van Vuren, Anton Stoltz, Marietjie Venter, Manuel Schibler | | PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2022; 16(1): e0010020 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 8 |
Infection-Related Myelopathies |
|
| E. Ann Yeh, Carmen Yea, Ari Bitnun | | Annual Review of Pathology: Mechanisms of Disease. 2022; 17(1): 141 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 9 |
Chikungunya Encephalitis: an Inconsistently Reported Headache and Cause of Death in Patients with Pre-Existing Conditions |
|
| Hannah K. Hopkins, Elizabeth M. Traverse, Kelli L. Barr | | Current Tropical Medicine Reports. 2022; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 10 |
Chikungunya encephalitis, a case series from an endemic country |
|
| Jorge Ortiz-Quezada, Edith E. Rodriguez, Heike Hesse, Lázaro Molina, Cesar Duran, Ivette Lorenzana, John D. England | | Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 2021; 420: 117279 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 11 |
Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging patterns of extensive Chikungunya virus–associated myelitis |
|
| Fernanda Cristina Rueda-Lopes, Luiz Celso Hygino da Cruz, Fabrícia Lima Fontes, Alice Laschuk Herlinger, Orlando da Costa Ferreira Junior, Renato Santana de Aguiar, Claudia Cristina Ferreira Vasconcelos, Osvaldo José Moreira do Nascimento, Soniza Vieira Alves-Leon | | Journal of NeuroVirology. 2021; 27(4): 616 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 12 |
Chikungunya virus infection: molecular biology, clinical characteristics, and epidemiology in Asian countries |
|
| Sarawut Khongwichit, Jira Chansaenroj, Chintana Chirathaworn, Yong Poovorawan | | Journal of Biomedical Science. 2021; 28(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 13 |
Extensive immunoinformatics study for the prediction of novel peptide-based epitope vaccine with docking confirmation against envelope protein of Chikungunya virus: a computational biology approach |
|
| Syed Shahariar Bappy, Sorna Sultana, Juthi Adhikari, Shafi Mahmud, Md. Arif Khan, K. M. Kaderi Kibria, Md. Masuder Rahman, Abu Zaffar Shibly | | Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics. 2021; 39(4): 1139 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 14 |
Pyrimidone inhibitors targeting Chikungunya Virus nsP3 macrodomain by fragment-based drug design |
|
| Sixue Zhang, Atefeh Garzan, Nicole Haese, Robert Bostwick, Yohanka Martinez-Gzegozewska, Lynn Rasmussen, Daniel N. Streblow, Mark T. Haise, Ashish K. Pathak, Corinne E. Augelli-Szafran, Mousheng Wu, A Ganesan | | PLOS ONE. 2021; 16(1): e0245013 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 15 |
Neurologic Manifestations of the World Health Organization's List of Pandemic and Epidemic Diseases |
|
| Caleb R. S. McEntire, Kun-Wei Song, Robert P. McInnis, John Y. Rhee, Michael Young, Erika Williams, Leah L. Wibecan, Neal Nolan, Amanda M. Nagy, Jeffrey Gluckstein, Shibani S. Mukerji, Farrah J. Mateen | | Frontiers in Neurology. 2021; 12 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 16 |
Dynamic Molecular Epidemiology Reveals Lineage-Associated Single-Nucleotide Variants That Alter RNA Structure in Chikungunya Virus |
|
| Thomas Spicher, Markus Delitz, Adriano de Bernardi Schneider, Michael T. Wolfinger | | Genes. 2021; 12(2): 239 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 17 |
Use of Cerebrospinal Fluid for the Diagnosis of Neuroinvasive Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya: A 19-year systematic review |
|
| Cíntia da Silva Mello, Mauro Jorge Cabral-Castro, Luiz Claudio Silva de Faria, José Mauro Peralta, Marzia Puccioni-Sohler | | Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical. 2021; 54 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 18 |
Chikungunya encephalitis: report of a fatal case in Northeastern Brazil |
|
| Elaine Cristina Bomfim de Lima, Alexandre Medeiros Sampaio Januário, Eliane Guimarães Fortuna, Maria Eulália Corte Real, Heloísa Ramos Lacerda | | Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo. 2020; 62 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 19 |
Survival analysis in non-congenital neurological disorders related to dengue, chikungunya and Zika virus infections in Northeast Brazil |
|
| Elaine Cristina Bomfim de Lima, Ulisses Ramos Montarroyos, Jurandy Júnior Ferraz de Magalhães, George Santiago Dimech, Heloísa Ramos Lacerda | | Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo. 2020; 62 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 20 |
Prevalence of chronic chikungunya and associated risks factors in the French West Indies (La Martinique): A prospective cohort study |
|
| Antoine Bertolotti, Marême Thioune, Sylvie Abel, Gilda Belrose, Isabelle Calmont, Raymond Césaire, Minerva Cervantes, Laurence Fagour, Émilie Javelle, Catherine Lebris, Fatiha Najioullah, Sandrine Pierre-François, Benoît Rozé, Marie Vigan, Cédric Laouénan, André Cabié, Nathan D. Grubaugh | | PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2020; 14(3): e0007327 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 21 |
Pathogenic Th1 responses in CHIKV-induced inflammation and their modulation upon Plasmodium parasites co-infection |
|
| Anthony Torres-Ruesta, Teck-Hui Teo, Yi-Hao Chan, Laurent Rénia, Lisa F. P. Ng | | Immunological Reviews. 2020; 294(1): 80 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 22 |
Acute Encephalitic Syndrome due to Coinfection with Herpes Simplex Virus and Scrub Typhus |
|
| Parminder Kaur, Roosy Aulakh | | Pediatric Oncall. 2020; 17(2) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 23 |
Neurological complications associated with emerging viruses in Brazil |
|
| Jussara R. Angelo, Trevon L. Fuller, Bianca B.S. Leandro, Heitor L.F. Praça, Renata D. Marques, João M.C. Ferreira, Camila C.B. Pupe, Olívia C. Perez, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Osvaldo J.M. Nascimento, Paulo C. Sabroza | | International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics. 2020; 148(S2): 70 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 24 |
Antibody-based therapeutic interventions: possible strategy to counter chikungunya viral infection |
|
| Rajesh Kumar, Tripti Shrivastava, Sweety Samal, Shubbir Ahmed, Hilal Ahmad Parray | | Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. 2020; 104(8): 3209 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 25 |
Engineering a fidelity-variant live-attenuated vaccine for chikungunya virus |
|
| Christopher M. Weiss, Hongwei Liu, Kasen K. Riemersma, Erin E. Ball, Lark L. Coffey | | npj Vaccines. 2020; 5(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 26 |
Epidemiological trends and molecular dynamics of dengue, chikungunya virus infection, coinfection, and other undifferentiated fever during 2015-2016 in Odisha, India |
|
| Tanuja Saswat, Nalinee Sahoo, Sagarika Muduli, Nagen Kumar Debata, Subhasis Chattopadhyay, Soma Chattopadhyay | | Journal of Medical Virology. 2019; 91(2): 163 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 27 |
Current status of dengue virus, poliovirus, and chikungunya virus in Pakistan |
|
| Braira Wahid | | Journal of Medical Virology. 2019; 91(10): 1725 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 28 |
Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Outcome of Chikungunya Encephalitis in Hospitalized Patients at a Tertiary Care Center in Gujarat, India, During the 2016 Outbreak |
|
| Swati Gohel, Rohan Modi, Ketan K. Patel, Ambuj Kumar, Atul K. Patel | | Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice. 2019; 27(2): 77 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 29 |
Atypical neurological manifestations of chikungunya fever: Two case reports |
|
| Pulin Gupta, Akanksha Singh, Ramesh Meena | | Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine. 2018; 22(4): 306 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 30 |
The neurological complications of chikungunya virus: A systematic review |
|
| Ravi Mehta, Patrick Gerardin, Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito, Cristiane Nascimento Soares, Maria Lucia Brito Ferreira, Tom Solomon | | Reviews in Medical Virology. 2018; 28(3): 283 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 31 |
Encephalitic presentation of Neonatal Chikungunya: A Case Series |
|
| Arti Maria, Nagaratana Vallamkonda, Amlin Shukla, Aditya Bhatt, Namrita Sachdev | | Indian Pediatrics. 2018; 55(8): 671 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 32 |
Development of nsP2 protease based cell free high throughput screening assay for evaluation of inhibitors against emerging Chikungunya virus |
|
| Amrita Saha, Badri Narayan Acharya, Raj Priya, Nagesh K. Tripathi, Ambuj Shrivastava, M. Kameswara Rao, Pooja Kesari, Manju Narwal, Shailly Tomar, Sameer S. Bhagyawant, Manmohan Parida, Paban Kumar Dash | | Scientific Reports. 2018; 8(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 33 |
ADP-ribosyl–binding and hydrolase activities of the alphavirus nsP3 macrodomain are critical for initiation of virus replication |
|
| Rachy Abraham, Debra Hauer, Robert Lyle McPherson, Age Utt, Ilsa T. Kirby, Michael S. Cohen, Andres Merits, Anthony K. L. Leung, Diane E. Griffin | | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 2018; 115(44) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 34 |
Current concerns and perspectives on Zika virus co-infection with arboviruses and HIV |
|
| Hussin A. Rothan,Mehdi R.M. Bidokhti,Siddappa N. Byrareddy | | Journal of Autoimmunity. 2018; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 35 |
Encephalitis and myelitis in tropical countries: Report from the Task Force on Tropical Diseases by the World Federation of Societies of Intensive and Critical Care Medicine |
|
| Gisele Sampaio Silva,Guy A. Richards,Tim Baker,Pravin R. Amin | | Journal of Critical Care. 2017; 42: 355 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 36 |
Stability and Hopf bifurcation of a within-host chikungunya virus infection model with two delays |
|
| Yan Wang,Xianning Liu | | Mathematics and Computers in Simulation. 2017; 138: 31 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 37 |
Global expansion of chikungunya virus: mapping the 64-year history |
|
| Braira Wahid,Amjad Ali,Shazia Rafique,Muhammad Idrees | | International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2017; 58: 69 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 38 |
Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis caused by Chikungunya virus |
|
| Rajendra Singh Jain,Ibraheem Khan,Pankaj Kumar Saini | | Indian Journal of Medical Specialities. 2017; 8(1): 48 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 39 |
Chikungunya infection presenting as mild encephalitis with a reversible lesion in the splenium: a case report |
|
| Kadam Nagpal,Puneet Agarwal,Amit Kumar,Rajashekhar Reddi | | Journal of NeuroVirology. 2017; 23(3): 501 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 40 |
Guillain-Barre syndrome complicating chikungunya virus infection |
|
| Ayush Agarwal,Deepti Vibha,Achal Kumar Srivastava,Garima Shukla,Kameshwar Prasad | | Journal of NeuroVirology. 2017; 23(3): 504 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 41 |
The medicinal chemistry of Chikungunya virus |
|
| Edeildo F. da Silva-Júnior,Giovanni O. Leoncini,Érica E.S. Rodrigues,Thiago M. Aquino,João X. Araújo-Júnior | | Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry. 2017; 25(16): 4219 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 42 |
Chikungunya Virus |
|
| David M. Vu,Donald Jungkind,Donald Angelle Desiree LaBeaud | | Clinics in Laboratory Medicine. 2017; 37(2): 371 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 43 |
Nucleophosmin (NPM1)/B23 in the Proteome of Human Astrocytic Cells Restricts Chikungunya Virus Replication |
|
| Rachy Abraham,Sneha Singh,Sreeja R. Nair,Neha Vijay Hulyalkar,Arun Surendran,Abdul Jaleel,Easwaran Sreekumar | | Journal of Proteome Research. 2017; 16(11): 4144 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 44 |
DOR NEUROPÁTICA E CORRELAÇÕES CLÍNICAS NA FEBRE CHIKUNGUNYA COM MANIFESTAÇÕES MUSCULOESQUELÉTICAS PERSISTENTES |
|
| L.F. Rocha Jr,A.F.R. Oliveira,H.D. Lima,M.R.A. Freitas,A.G.L. Mattos,F.G.T. Vieira,M.S.P. Luna,C.L.D. Marques,A.L.B.P. Duarte,A.L.B.P. Ranzolin,P.R.S. Melo | | Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia. 2017; 57: S52 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 45 |
A reassessment of mycophenolic acid as a lead compound for the development of inhibitors of chikungunya virus replication |
|
| Adel A. Rashad,Johan Neyts,Pieter Leyssen,Paul A. Keller | | Tetrahedron. 2017; | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 46 |
Neurologic Manifestation of Chikungunya Virus |
|
| Kate Brizzi | | Current Infectious Disease Reports. 2017; 19(2) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 47 |
Emerging Causes of Arbovirus Encephalitis in North America: Powassan, Chikungunya, and Zika Viruses |
|
| Christopher T. Doughty,Sigal Yawetz,Jennifer Lyons | | Current Neurology and Neuroscience Reports. 2017; 17(2) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 48 |
Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Differential Gene Expression of Immune and Cell Death Pathways in the Brains of Mice Infected with West Nile Virus and Chikungunya Virus |
|
| Stephanie M. Lim,Henk-Jan van den Ham,Minoushka Oduber,Eurydice Martina,Fatiha Zaaraoui-Boutahar,Jeroen M. Roose,Wilfred F. J. van IJcken,Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus,Arno C. Andeweg,Penelope Koraka,Byron E. E. Martina | | Frontiers in Microbiology. 2017; 8 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 49 |
Chikungunya Virus: Pathophysiology, Mechanism, and Modeling |
|
| Vaishnavi Ganesan,Bin Duan,St Reid | | Viruses. 2017; 9(12): 368 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 50 |
Chikungunya Virus Seroprevalence and Associated Factors among Hospital Attendees in Two States of Southwest Nigeria: A Preliminary Assessment |
|
| Olayinka M. Olajiga,Olajumoke E. Adesoye,Adewale P. Emilolorun,Abiodun J. Adeyemi,Emmanuel O. Adeyefa,Ismail A. Aderibigbe,Salmot A. Adejumo,Wasiu O. Adebimpe,Oluyinka O. Opaleye,Waidi F. Sule,Daniel O. Oluwayelu | | Immunological Investigations. 2017; 46(6): 552 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 51 |
Chikungunya Virus-Induced Arthritis: Role of Host and Viral Factors in the Pathogenesis |
|
| Sarika Amdekar,Deepti Parashar,Kalichamy Alagarasu | | Viral Immunology. 2017; 30(10): 691 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 52 |
Severe Chikungunya infection in Northern Mozambique: a case report |
|
| Mussa Manuel Aly,Sadia Ali,Argentina Felisbela Muianga,Vanessa Monteiro,Jorge Galano Gallego,Jacqueline Weyer,Kerstin I. Falk,Janusz Tadeusz Paweska,Julie Cliff,Eduardo Samo Gudo | | BMC Research Notes. 2017; 10(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 53 |
Cardiovascular involvement and manifestations of systemic Chikungunya virus infection: A systematic review |
|
| María Fernanda Alvarez,Adrián Bolívar-Mejía,Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales,Eduardo Ramirez-Vallejo | | F1000Research. 2017; 6: 390 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 54 |
Cardiovascular involvement and manifestations of systemic Chikungunya virus infection: A systematic review |
|
| María Fernanda Alvarez,Adrián Bolívar-Mejía,Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales,Eduardo Ramirez-Vallejo | | F1000Research. 2017; 6: 390 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 55 |
Immunopathology of Chikungunya Virus Infection: Lessons Learned from Patients and Animal Models |
|
| Lisa F.P. Ng | | Annual Review of Virology. 2017; 4(1): 413 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 56 |
Central and peripheral nervous system involvement caused by Zika and chikungunya coinfection |
|
| Carlos A. A. Brito,Fernanda Azevedo,Marli T. Cordeiro,Ernesto T. A. Marques,Rafael F. O. Franca,Gregory D Ebel | | PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2017; 11(7): e0005583 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 57 |
Encephalitis associated with inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion due to chikungunya infection in Recife, State of Pernambuco, Brazil |
|
| Norma Lucena-Silva,Maria Elisa Lucena Sales de Melo Assunção,Frederico Antônio Pereira Ramos,Fernanda Azevedo,Ronaldo Lessa Junior,Marli Tenório Cordeiro,Carlos Alexandre Antunes de Brito | | Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical. 2017; 50(3): 417 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 58 |
Chikungunya in travellers returning to Canada: Surveillance report from CanTravNet surveillance data, 2006 to 2015 |
|
| Andrea K Boggild, Jennifer Geduld, Michael Libman, Cedric P Yansouni, Anne E McCarthy, Jan Hajek, Wayne Ghesquiere, Jean Vincelette, Susan Kuhn, Pierre J Plourde, David O Freedman, Kevin C Kain | | Official Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada. 2016; 1(3): 8 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 59 |
Compromiso neurológico en chikungunya: un meta-análisis de su prevalencia |
|
| Alfonso J. Rodríguez Morales, Diana M. Castañeda Hernández, Andrea G. Rodríguez Morales | | Hechos Microbiológicos. 2016; 5(2): 77 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 60 |
Neurological manifestations of Chikungunya and Zika infections |
|
| Talys J. Pinheiro,Luis F. Guimarães,Marcus Tulius T. Silva,Cristiane N. Soares | | Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria. 2016; 74(11): 937 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 61 |
Why should neurologists start to be interested in Arboviruses? |
|
| Abelardo Q. C. Araújo | | Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria. 2016; 74(11): 861 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 62 |
Neuroinvasion and Inflammation in Viral Central Nervous System Infections |
|
| Tobias Dahm,Henriette Rudolph,Christian Schwerk,Horst Schroten,Tobias Tenenbaum | | Mediators of Inflammation. 2016; 2016: 1 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 63 |
Zika Virus |
|
| Didier Musso, Duane J. Gubler | | Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 2016; 29(3): 487 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 64 |
Third Cranial Nerve Palsy in the Setting of Chikungunya Virus Infection |
|
| Réda Benzekri,Harold Merle,Rabih Hage | | The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2016; 95(1): 180 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 65 |
Acquired auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder after an attack of chikungunya: case study |
|
| Prashanth Prabhu | | European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology. 2016; 273(1): 257 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 66 |
Myeloradiculopathy associated with chikungunya virus infection |
|
| Anna M. Bank,Ayush Batra,Rene A. Colorado,Jennifer L. Lyons | | Journal of NeuroVirology. 2016; 22(1): 125 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 67 |
Alphavirus Encephalomyelitis: Mechanisms and Approaches to Prevention of Neuronal Damage |
|
| Diane E. Griffin | | Neurotherapeutics. 2016; 13(3): 455 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 68 |
Vaccinations for Neuroinfectious Disease: A Global Health Priority |
|
| Emily C. Leibovitch,Steven Jacobson | | Neurotherapeutics. 2016; 13(3): 562 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 69 |
Ophthalmologic aspects of chikungunya infection |
|
| Dayron F. Martínez-Pulgarín,Fazle Rabbi Chowdhury,Wilmer E. Villamil-Gomez,Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales,Gabriela M. Blohm,Alberto E. Paniz-Mondolfi | | Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease. 2016; 14(5): 451 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 70 |
Vector-delivered artificial miRNA effectively inhibited replication of Chikungunya virus |
|
| Amrita Saha,Sameer S. Bhagyawant,Manmohan Parida,Paban Kumar Dash | | Antiviral Research. 2016; 134: 42 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 71 |
Inhibition of chikungunya virus by picolinate that targets viral capsid protein |
|
| Rajesh Sharma,Benazir Fatma,Amrita Saha,Sailesh Bajpai,Srinivas Sistla,Paban Kumar Dash,Manmohan Parida,Pravindra Kumar,Shailly Tomar | | Virology. 2016; 498: 265 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 72 |
High rates of co-infection of Dengue and Chikungunya virus in Odisha and Maharashtra, India during 2013 |
|
| Tanuja Saswat,Abhishek Kumar,Sameer Kumar,Prabhudutta Mamidi,Sagarika Muduli,Nagen Kumar Debata,Niladri Shekhar Pal,B.M. Pratheek,Subhasis Chattopadhyay,Soma Chattopadhyay | | Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 2015; 35: 134 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 73 |
The Chikungunya Epidemic: A look at five cases |
|
| Bethel Shiferaw,Paul Lam,Summer Tuthill,Hira Choudhry,Sarah Syed,Shadab Ahmed,Tabassum Yasmin | | IDCases. 2015; 2(4): 89 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 74 |
Cellular and molecular mechanisms of chikungunya pathogenesis |
|
| Fok-Moon Lum,Lisa F.P. Ng | | Antiviral Research. 2015; 120: 165 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 75 |
Chikungunya infection in the general population and in patients with rheumatoid arthritis on biological therapy |
|
| V. Rosario,R. Munoz-Louis,T. Valdez,S. Adames,J. Medrano,I. Paulino,J. Paula,R. Alba-Fériz | | Clinical Rheumatology. 2015; 34(7): 1285 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 76 |
Chikungunya virus infection amongst the acute encephalitis syndrome cases in West Bengal, India |
|
| D Taraphdar, BK Roy, S Chatterjee | | Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology. 2015; 33: S153 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 77 |
Multifaceted innate immune responses engaged by astrocytes, microglia and resident dendritic cells against Chikungunya neuroinfection |
|
| T. Das,J. J. Hoarau,M. C. J. Bandjee,M. Maquart,P. Gasque | | Journal of General Virology. 2015; 96(Pt_2): 294 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 78 |
Mouse models of alphavirus-induced inflammatory disease |
|
| A. Taylor,L. J. Herrero,P. A. Rudd,S. Mahalingam | | Journal of General Virology. 2015; 96(Pt_2): 221 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 79 |
Chikungunya alphavirus infection in the nervous system and possible mechanisms of pathogenesis |
|
| Philippe Gasque,Marie Christine Jaffar-Bandjee | | Future Virology. 2015; 10(11): 1207 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 80 |
Multiple Immune Factors Are Involved in Controlling Acute and Chronic Chikungunya Virus Infection |
|
| Yee Suan Poo,Penny A. Rudd,Joy Gardner,Jane A. C. Wilson,Thibaut Larcher,Marie-Anne Colle,Thuy T. Le,Helder I. Nakaya,David Warrilow,Richard Allcock,Helle Bielefeldt-Ohmann,Wayne A. Schroder,Alexander A. Khromykh,José A. Lopez,Andreas Suhrbier,Ann M. Powers | | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2014; 8(12): e3354 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 81 |
A Novel Poxvirus-Based Vaccine, MVA-CHIKV, Is Highly Immunogenic and Protects Mice against Chikungunya Infection |
|
| Juan García-Arriaza, Victoria Cepeda, David Hallengärd, Carlos Óscar S. Sorzano, Beate Mareike Kümmerer, Peter Liljeström, Mariano Esteban, S. Perlman | | Journal of Virology. 2014; 88(6): 3527 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 82 |
Determination of Toll-Like Receptor-Induced Cytokine Profiles in the Blood and Cerebrospinal Fluid of Chikungunya Patients |
|
| Rajpal Singh Kashyap, Shweta Morey, Shradha Bhullar, Neeraj Baheti, Nitin Chandak, Hemant Purohit, Girdhar Taori, Hatim Daginawala | | Neuroimmunomodulation. 2014; 21(6): 338 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 83 |
Discovery of in silico hits targeting the nsP3 macro domain of chikungunya virus |
|
| Phuong T. V. Nguyen,Haibo Yu,Paul A. Keller | | Journal of Molecular Modeling. 2014; 20(5) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 84 |
CNS infections – The challenges ahead |
|
| Vrajesh Udani | | Pediatric Infectious Disease. 2014; 6(4): 121 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 85 |
TLR3 mediated innate immune response in mice brain following infection with Chikungunya virus |
|
| Raj Priya,I.K. Patro,M.M. Parida | | Virus Research. 2014; 189: 194 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 86 |
Safety and tolerability of chikungunya virus-like particle vaccine in healthy adults: a phase 1 dose-escalation trial |
|
| Lee-Jah Chang,Kimberly A Dowd,Floreliz H Mendoza,Jamie G Saunders,Sandra Sitar,Sarah H Plummer,Galina Yamshchikov,Uzma N Sarwar,Zonghui Hu,Mary E Enama,Robert T Bailer,Richard A Koup,Richard M Schwartz,Wataru Akahata,Gary J Nabel,John R Mascola,Theodore C Pierson,Barney S Graham,Julie E Ledgerwood | | The Lancet. 2014; 384(9959): 2046 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 87 |
Chikungunya Virus: Emerging Targets and New Opportunities for Medicinal Chemistry |
|
| Adel A. Rashad,Suresh Mahalingam,Paul A. Keller | | Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 2014; 57(4): 1147 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 88 |
Differential regulation of TLR mediated innate immune response of mouse neuronal cells following infection with novel ECSA genotype of Chikungunya virus with and without E1:A226V mutation |
|
| Raj Priya,R. Dhanwani,I.K. Patro,P.V.L. Rao,M.M. Parida | | Infection, Genetics and Evolution. 2013; 20: 396 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 89 |
A case of Addisonian crisis, acute renal failure, vesiculobullous rash, rhabdomyolysis, neurological disturbances and prolonged viraemia in a patient on long term steroids |
|
| Shimin Jasmine Chung,Maciej Piotr Chlebicki | | Journal of Clinical Virology. 2013; 57(3): 187 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 90 |
Structure based design towards the identification of novel binding sites and inhibitors for the chikungunya virus envelope proteins |
|
| Adel A. Rashad,Paul A. Keller | | Journal of Molecular Graphics and Modelling. 2013; 44: 241 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 91 |
Deciphering the host-pathogen protein interface in chikungunya virus-mediated sickness |
|
| Jyoti Rana,R. Sreejith,Sahil Gulati,Isha Bharti,Surangna Jain,Sanjay Gupta | | Archives of Virology. 2013; 158(6): 1159 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 92 |
Stimulus-sensitive myoclonus and cerebellar ataxia following chikungunya meningoencephalitis |
|
| J. Kalita,P. Kumar,U. K. Misra | | Infection. 2013; 41(3): 727 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 93 |
A pathogenic role for CD4+ T cells during Chikungunya virus infection in mice |
|
| Teo, T.-H. and Lum, F.-M. and Claser, C. and Lulla, V. and Lulla, A. and Merits, A. and Rénia, L. and Ng, L.F.P. | | Journal of Immunology. 2013; 190(1): 259-269 | | [Pubmed] | | | 94 |
An essential role of antibodies in the control of Chikungunya virus infection |
|
| Lum, F.-M. and Teo, T.-H. and Lee, W.W.L. and Kam, Y.-W. and Rénia, L. and Ng, L.F.P. | | Journal of Immunology. 2013; 190(12): 6295-6302 | | [Pubmed] | | | 95 |
Stimulus-sensitive myoclonus and cerebellar ataxia following chikungunya meningoencephalitis |
|
| Kalita, J. and Kumar, P. and Misra, U.K. | | Infection. 2013; 41(3): 727-729 | | [Pubmed] | | | 96 |
Deciphering the host-pathogen protein interface in chikungunya virus-mediated sickness |
|
| Rana, J. and Sreejith, R. and Gulati, S. and Bharti, I. and Jain, S. and Gupta, S. | | Archives of Virology. 2013; 158(6): 1159-1172 | | [Pubmed] | | | 97 |
Chikungunya virus infection |
|
| Gasque, P. | | Birkhauser Advances in Infectious Diseases. 2013; : 295-315 | | [Pubmed] | | | 98 |
Evidence for Endemic Chikungunya Virus Infections in Bandung, Indonesia |
|
| Herman Kosasih,Quirijn de Mast,Susana Widjaja,Primal Sudjana,Ungke Antonjaya,Chairin Maæroef,Silvita Fitri Riswari,Kevin R. Porter,Timothy H. Burgess,Bachti Alisjahbana,Andre van der Ven,Maya Williams,Ann M. Powers | | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases. 2013; 7(10): e2483 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 99 |
Chikungunya and the eye: a review |
|
| Padmamalini Mahendradas,Kavitha Avadhani,Rohit Shetty | | Journal of Ophthalmic Inflammation and Infection. 2013; 3(1): 35 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 100 |
Induction of Cytopathogenicity in Human Glioblastoma Cells by Chikungunya Virus |
|
| Rachy Abraham,Prashant Mudaliar,Aiswaria Padmanabhan,Easwaran Sreekumar,Lisa Ng Fong Poh | | PLoS ONE. 2013; 8(9): e75854 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 101 |
A Pathogenic Role for CD4+ T Cells during Chikungunya Virus Infection in Mice |
|
| Teck-Hui Teo, Fok-Moon Lum, Carla Claser, Valeria Lulla, Aleksei Lulla, Andres Merits, Laurent Rénia, Lisa F. P. Ng | | The Journal of Immunology. 2013; 190(1): 259 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 102 |
An Essential Role of Antibodies in the Control of Chikungunya Virus Infection |
|
| Fok-Moon Lum, Teck-Hui Teo, Wendy W. L. Lee, Yiu-Wing Kam, Laurent Rénia, Lisa F. P. Ng | | The Journal of Immunology. 2013; 190(12): 6295 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 103 |
Persistence of Viral RNA in Chikungunya Virus-Infected Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) Mosquitoes after Prolonged Storage at 28°C |
|
| Supriya Hundekar,Vidya Arankalle,Anakkathil Sudeep,Akhilesh Chandra Mishra,Mangala Mavale,Deepti Parashar,Mangesh Gokhale,Youwaraj Ghodke | | The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2012; 86(1): 178 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 104 |
Neurodevelopmental outcome of neonates with vertically transmitted chikungunya fever with encephalopathy |
|
| Shenoy, S. and Pradeep, G.C.M. | | Indian Pediatrics. 2012; 49(3): 238-239 | | [Pubmed] | | | 105 |
Emerging Viral Infections in India |
|
| Reeta S. Mani, V. Ravi, Anita Desai, S.N. Madhusudana | | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences India Section B Biological Sciences. 2012; | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 106 |
The Intolerable Burden of Chikungunya: What’s New, What’s Needed? |
|
| Shailendra K. Saxena, M. L. Arvinda Swamy, Sunil K. Verma, Rakhi Saxena | | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences India Section B Biological Sciences. 2012; | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 107 |
Imaging of central nervous system viral diseases |
|
| Rakesh Kumar Gupta, Neetu Soni, Sunil Kumar, Niranjan Khandelwal | | Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging. 2012; 35(3): 477 | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 108 |
Mouse models for Chikungunya virus: deciphering immune mechanisms responsible for disease and pathology |
|
| Teck-Hui Teo, Fok-Moon Lum, Wendy W. L. Lee, Lisa F. P. Ng | | Immunologic Research. 2012; | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 109 |
Rapid spread of chikungunya virus following its resurgence during 2006 in West Bengal, India |
|
| Debjani Taraphdar, Arindam Sarkar, Bansi B. Mukhopadhyay, Shekhar Chakrabarti, Shyamalendu Chatterjee | | Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2012; | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 110 |
L’infection à virus chikungunya dans l’océan Indien : quelles leçons ? |
|
| Bernard-Alex Gaüzère | | Revue Francophone des Laboratoires. 2011; 2011(431): 67 | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 111 |
Characterization of Chikungunya virus infection in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells: Role of apoptosis in neuronal cell death |
|
| R. Dhanwani, M. Khan, A.S.B. Bhaskar, Rajpriya Singh, I.K. Patro, P.V.L. Rao, M.M. Parida | | Virus Research. 2011; | | [VIEW] | [DOI] | | | 112 |
Chikungunya virus: Host pathogen interaction |
|
| Singh, S.K., Unni, S.K. | | Reviews in Medical Virology. 2011; 21(2): 78-88 | | [Pubmed] | | | 113 |
Chikungunya virus: host pathogen interaction |
|
| Sunit Kumar Singh,Salini Krishnan Unni | | Reviews in Medical Virology. 2011; 21(2): 78 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 114 |
Case Reports of Neuro-Chikungunya in Southern Thailand |
|
| Siriporn Hirunpat,Khachornsakdi Silpapojakul,Pisud Siripaitoon,Sarunyou Chusri | | The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2011; 85(2): 386 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 115 |
Comparative Pathogenesis of Epidemic and Enzootic Chikungunya Viruses in a Pregnant Rhesus Macaque Model |
|
| Ching-I Chen,William K. Reisen,Aaron C. Brault,Patricia Pesavento,David C. Clark,Paul A. Luciw,Nicholas W. Lerche | | The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2010; 83(6): 1249 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 116 |
Molecular characterization of Chikungunya virus isolates from clinical samples and adult Aedes albopictus mosquitoes emerged from larvae from Kerala, South India |
|
| Kudukkil P Niyas, Rachy Abraham, Ramakrishnan Nair Unnikrishnan, Thomas Mathew, Sajith Nair, Anoop Manakkadan, Aneesh Issac, Easwaran Sreekumar | | Virology Journal. 2010; 7(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 117 |
Detection of viral antigen, IgM and IgG antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid of Chikungunya patients with neurological complications |
|
| Rajpal S Kashyap, Shweta H Morey, Nitin H Chandak, Hemant J Purohit, Girdhar M Taori, Hatim F Daginawala | | Cerebrospinal Fluid Research. 2010; 7(1) | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 118 |
Detection of viral antigen, IgM and IgG antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid of Chikungunya patients with neurological complications |
|
| Kashyap, R.S., Morey, S.H., Chandak, N.H., Purohit, H.J., Taori, G.M., Daginawala, H.F. | | Cerebrospinal Fluid Research. 2010; 7(art 12) | | [Pubmed] | | | 119 |
Comparative pathogenesis of epidemic and enzootic Chikungunya viruses in a pregnant Rhesus macaque model |
|
| Chen, C.-I., Clark, D.C., Pesavento, P., Lerche, N.W., Luciw, P.A., Reisen, W.K., Brault, A.C. | | American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 2010; 83(6): 1249-1258 | | [Pubmed] | | | 120 |
Emergence and re-emergence of viral diseases of the central nervous system |
|
| Griffin, D.E. | | Progress in Neurobiology. 2010; 91(2): 95-101 | | [Pubmed] | | | 121 |
Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of chikungunya fever: Lessons learned from the re-emerging epidemic |
|
| Mohan, A., Kiran, D.H.N., Manohar, I., Kumar, D. | | Indian Journal of Dermatology. 2010; 55(1): 54-63 | | [Pubmed] | | | 122 |
Molecular characterization of Chikungunya virus isolates from clinical samples and adult Aedes albopictus mosquitoes emerged from larvae from Kerala, South India |
|
| Niyas, K.P., Abraham, R., Unnikrishnan, R.N., Mathew, T., Nair, S., Manakkadan, A., Issac, A., Sreekumar, E. | | Virology Journal. 2010; 7(art 189) | | [Pubmed] | | | 123 |
Chikungunya fever: CNS infection and pathologies of a re-emerging arbovirus |
|
| Das, T., Jaffar-Bandjee, M.C., Hoarau, J.J., Krejbich Trotot, P., Denizot, M., Lee-Pat-Yuen, G., Sahoo, R., (...), Gasque, P. | | Progress in Neurobiology. 2010; 91(2): 121-129 | | [Pubmed] | | | 124 |
Chikungunya |
|
| Powers, A.M. | | Clinics in Laboratory Medicine. 2010; 30(1): 209-219 | | [Pubmed] | | | 125 |
Chikungunya |
|
| Ann M. Powers | | Clinics in Laboratory Medicine. 2010; 30(1): 209 | | [Pubmed] | [DOI] | | | 126 |
Chikungunya virus takes centre stage in virally induced arthritis: possible cellular and molecular mechanisms to pathogenesis |
|
| Jaffar-Bandjee, M.C., Das, T., Hoarau, J.J., Krejbich Trotot, P., Denizot, M., Ribera, A., Roques, P., Gasque, P. | | Microbes and Infection. 2009; 11(14-15): 1206-1218 | | [Pubmed] | | | 127 |
Chikungunya virus: The neurology |
|
| Murthy, J.M.K. | | Neurology India. 2009; 57(2): 113-115 | | [Pubmed] | |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
